Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar I Disorder represents the modern understanding of the classic manic-depressive disorder or affective psychosis described in the 19th century, differing from the classic description only to the extent that neither psychosis nor the lifetime experience of a major depressive disorder is a requirement. However, the clear majority of individuals whose symptoms meet criteria for a fully syndrome or manic episode also experienced major depressive episodes during the course of their lives. Bipolar II Disorder for diagnosis requires the lifetime experience of at least one episode of major depression and at least one hypomanic episode. It's no longer thought to be a milder condition than Bipolar I Disorder, largely because of the amount of time individuals with this condition spend in depression and because the instability of mood experienced by individuals with Bipolar II Disorder is typically accompanied by serious impairment in work and social functioning. The diagnosis of Cyclothymic Disorder is given to adults who experience at least two years of both hypomanic and depressive periods without ever fulfilling the criteria for an episode of mania, hypomania or major depression. A large number of substances of abuse, some prescribed medications and several medical conditions can be associated with manic-like phenomena. Hypomania is defined as an abnormality of mood resembling mania but of lesser intensity. Mania is defined as a mental state of elevated, expansive or irritable mood and persistently increased level of activity or energy. While the exact causes of Bipolar Disorder are not yet fully understood, we do know that it is primarily a biological illness. However, its onset is often linked to stressful life events. There are many factors that are believed to play a role in developing Bipolar Disorder including genetics, brain chemicals, environmental factors and sometimes medical illnesses. Like any other medical conditions such as heart disease or diabetes, Bipolar Disorder is an illness that requires careful management. While there is no known cure for Bipolar Disorder, the good news is that its severity and frequency of episodes can be well-controlled, reduced or prevented with the right medication and other supports, such as psychological therapies. Well-being plans are designed to help people stay well in the short and long term and are unique to each person. They include identifying triggers and stresses that may cause problems, developing strategies for coping with at risk or stressful situations, pinpointing early warning signs of both highs and lows and making lifestyle changes such as reducing caffeine intake and getting good restorative sleep. If you are feeling suicidal or in need of help please contact Lifeline’s 24-hour crisis support service on 13 11 14. If you would like to see a psychologist, give me a call 0400 809 050 to make an appointment. We are committed to help you. |
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